INT323ECG

   The typical construction of a bottom-weight 14-ounce denim is 55 to 64 warp ends per inch and 38 to 42 filling picks per inch. The number of warp ends per inch is sometimes referred to as the “sley.” The size of the yarn used, the fabric weave design, and the fabric tightness will influence the weight, as well as the amount of size left on the finished fabric.  As a rule, denim is woven as 3x1 twill, 2x1 twill, 2x2 twill, 3x1 broken twill or 2x2n broken twill. The weights of the finished fabrics vary between 3 ½ and 16 ½ ounces per square yard. The fabrics weighing 3 ½ to 8 ounces per square yard are typically used to manufacture blouses, tops, and shirts. Trousers, jeans and jackets tend to use heavier weight denim fabrics ranging between 8 and 16 ½ ounces per square yard. Numerical notations for different denim designs such as 3x1 twill denote what each warp yarn is doing relative to the filling yarns interlacing with it. In this example, if you look at the end...

  20 Denim terms you should know Chain Stitch: Can be performed by hand or by a union special machine. The stitch allows a cool roping pattern in fades along the bottom of the hem of your jeans. Lock Stitch: Easier to do and is more efficient than the lock stitch. Most common stitch you will see, especially with thicker fabrics. Overlock Stitch: Also known as surging. They look like a bunch of figure eights. Very efficient way to marry two pieces of fabric together. It is not the most uniformed, best looking, or strongest. Flat Felled Seam: Nice finished edge. It is a much better way to make something, it is so much stronger union of those two materials. Also used to hide seam allowance                                                           Burr and Rivet: One piece called the rivet which goes through the fabric and the burr is ...

Polyester is produced from polyethylene terephthalat e (PET polymer). The weight of PET  polymer  ranges from 20,000-40,000 . The raw materials used for polyester  preparation   i s Dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) or Terephthalic Acid  (TPA) and Monoethylene Glycol (MEG) . Polyester  production  can be carried out  from two routes. The first route from using Purified Terephthalic Acid (PTA) and the  second route  from  Dimethylterephthalate  (DMT).  They are carried out in two steps.  Step  one is  referred  to transesterification or direct esterification resulting in Prepolymer  diglycol  tereph thalate (DGT). Step two is  referred  to DGT polymerized by polycondensation.    This diagram shows the steps of polymerization reaction for polyester:   In  Step one,  you see   the transesterification or  Esterification  Process.  I n step...

  Rayon Production- Artificial Silk chemical experiment  Rayon is a man-made fiber  developed  from a natural raw material called cellulose by chemical treatment.  This natural base gives it many of the  qualities such  as  low cost, diversity, and comfort . From the video they  demonstrate  how  rayon  is  made through an  experiment  which was very interesting to watch.  The substance forms by copper sulfate and baking soda by reacting with each other.  H e  first took  a beaker and pour ed  into basic copper carbonate,  then  pour ed  ammonia solution to the copper carbonate. T hat  forms a complex compound of copper   (bright blue color) .  Copper compound complex  can dissolve cotton wool.  H e takes a small amount  of the cotton wool and beg a n add ing  it slowly to the copper complex solution. The wool is highly soluble a...

Healthy Building Network- Pharos Adds Hazard Data For 26,000 Previously Uncharacterized Chemicals   “The connection between health and the dwelling of the population is one of the most important that exists.”    - Florence Nightingale There are about 85,000 chemicals available in the market, but few  chemicals are suitably tested for human health impacts.  Dangerous chemicals  are widespread and can be found in our water, air, food, and products we use every day. These chemicals move into our bodies, our children’s bodies, our pets, and wildlife, costing us our  health , the loss of millions of  IQ points , and contributing to  climate change . The Healthy Building Network aims to advance human and environmental health by improving hazardous chemical clarity and inspiring product creations. They achieve this goal through three programmatic ways- independent research, strong data tools, and capacity building education....